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The isolation transformer provides a electrical mean to separate the source and load. Also, The isolation transformer will protect against surges and spikes as the primary winding due to it's magnetic property will impose more resistance (reactance) to higher frequencies such as spikes and such.

where Xl is the impedance (resistance) of the primary winding. In this equation, one can see that higher frequencies increast the impedance of the coil proportionally to the rate of frequency.

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Q: What is the advantage of using isolation transformer in a 220 volt 2wire AC system before load?
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What is the difference between an isolation transformer and distribution transformer?

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