Rishi Krishna-Dwaipayana, better known a Ved Vyaas, wrote the Mahabharata. Originally known as Jaya, the Mahabharata is a recounting of the life and times of the sage Ved Vyaas, his ancestors and his grandsones ( The Kuru's and the Pandavas) who finally fought the great Kurukshetra war. The basic plot revolves around the blinding love of a father for his son, the virtue of Men, beauty and behaviour of women, the politics of the time, Dharma and Faith, and the tradegy of war. It is the story of Dhritirashtra whose all consuming love of his son Duryodhana, blinds him to the faults and misdeeds perpetuated by him and his son. The principal characters are the Pandavas ( sons of Pandu, younger brother of Dhritirashtra) and the kauravas ( sons of dhritirashtra) Krishna (the Avattar of the Vishnu) and several other strogly written characters. It is often said that if it does not exist in the Mahabharata, a situation, an act, a drama cannot exist at all.
Mahabharata is an epic poem of Hinduism. Basic 4 principles of life are talked in Mahabharata. Dharma (righteous living) Artha (material prosperity) Kāma (enjoyment) & Moksha (liberation).
A basic situation is at the beginning of a story, and explains the plot, the characters, and setting, etc.
The original name of the Mahabharata is Mahabharata.
It is a diagram of a plot showing beginning, middle, and end of the story's plot.
Yes, Mahabharata is a true story.
There are number of heroic things that Arjuna do in Mahabharata. The list is long and beyond the scope. Better you read the Mahabharata. Rather study the Mahabharata.
MacGuffin
A basic structure that most fiction follows.
Ajaamila is personality who comes in Srimadbhagavata, not in Mahabharata
Here is a link to some of them.
Falling Action
A basic structure that most fiction follows