A lung/heart shot is the best - low behind the front shoulder
Given the right load and shot placement, yes.
Depending on the shot used, and shot placement, yes.
About 1" past the muzzle.
DONT DO IT!!! you will only hurt it. Only shoot it with a rifle. What if you live in Ohio and can't use a rifle Jack Wagon? If the right ammo is used and the right placement is done it will kill a deer Are you crazy? You would have to be extremely close to the dear to kill it with a 410 (10 meters at most) and a deer would hear you if you got close enough to kill it so its unethical. either shoot it with a rifle or in certain circumstances you could possibly kill it with a 12 or 20 gauge.
Most probably 200 yards with a rifled barrel.
birds,squirrels,rabbits,wild boars,deer,cougars and alot of other things
This depends on what deer you are hunting. If you are hunting for your first deer then yes, it can kill any small or medium sized deer such as a 4 point on down within less than 50 yards, maybe less than that. You do not have alot of range, but it can kill a smaller sized deer. If you want to kill a trophy buck, you are going to need a 12 gauge.
There is no "best gun", even tough the shotgun does have a one shot kill ability.
yes a hit to the skull can kill a deer
No. Lions kill deer, not the other way around.
you shouldn't be trying to kill a deer!
None. Lions don't eat deer, though they are more than capable of killing them, and deer don't kill lions. Deer choose to run or get the heck out of there over killing a lion, no matter how large the herd of deer is!!