Yes, they do.
no
No, but the non-custodial parent has a pretty good case for getting custody in court.
Yes of course. Unless the custodial parent is unfit the judge would not just change it though but there is also shared custody. It's up to the court to decide.
To do anything possible to get joint physical custody.
Well if the noncustodial parent wishes to take the kid the judge might give the parent custody if there is not a bad reason the parent did not get custody in the first place hope I helped you
see related link
18 or later if the court order is still in force. If the custody paperwork specifies visitation then disobeying is a crime.
Yes, he would be the one standing in line for custody unless he is unfit.
It depends on why the living parent didn't have custody. If the custodial parent has passed away the noncustodial parent has to apply for custody in court.
Only after demonstrating a pattern of frequent contact
The custody order must be modified by the court. If the custodial parent will consent the change will be much easier.