Mediterranean
Kenya does not have a Mediterranean climate. Its climate is diverse, with coastal regions experiencing a tropical climate, while the interior areas have a more temperate climate due to high elevation.
Southern Iran
In Africa, the three countries with a marine climate are Morocco, Algeria, and South Africa. These regions experience mild, wet winters and warm, dry summers due to their proximity to the ocean. The marine climate significantly influences agriculture and biodiversity in these coastal areas.
One of the few areas with moderate rainfall in North Africa is the city of Casablanca, located in Morocco. Situated along the Atlantic coast, Casablanca benefits from a Mediterranean climate, which brings more consistent rainfall compared to the arid interior regions. This coastal city typically experiences mild, wet winters and dry summers, making it an exception in the predominantly dry landscape of North Africa.
Same as today, mediterranean climate in coastal areas, colder inland.
Besides the coastal plains, Africa is predominantly characterized by mountainous regions such as the East African Rift, which features prominent mountains like Kilimanjaro and Kenya. The Atlas Mountains in North Africa also play a significant role in the continent's geography. Additionally, the Drakensberg range in Southern Africa and the Ethiopian Highlands contribute to the mountainous landscape. These areas are crucial for biodiversity and influence climate patterns across the continent.
The climate of coastal ranges can vary depending on their location, but generally, they tend to have milder temperatures due to the moderating influence of the ocean. Coastal ranges often experience higher levels of precipitation and humidity compared to inland areas, which can contribute to lush vegetation and diverse ecosystems. Additionally, they may be prone to fog and coastal storms.
Mountain ranges along coastal areas in North Africa and Southwest Asia can have a significant impact on the climate by blocking moisture-laden air masses from reaching inland regions, leading to arid or semi-arid conditions. These mountain ranges can also create a rain shadow effect, where moist air rises over the mountains, cools and releases precipitation on the windward side leaving the leeward side dry. Additionally, the mountains can influence local wind patterns, temperature variations, and contribute to the formation of distinct microclimates.
Steppes get more rainfall
There are areas of subtropical climates in many continents including Africa, Asia, and North America. Countries with this type of climate include Angola, Hong Kong, and Iran.
West Africa's physical features include a diverse landscape characterized by savannas, forests, and coastal regions, with prominent geographical features such as the Niger River and the Sahel, a semi-arid region. The climate varies from tropical in the coastal areas to arid in the north, with distinct wet and dry seasons. Vegetation ranges from dense rainforests in the south to grasslands and shrublands in the Sahel, supporting a variety of wildlife and agricultural practices. This diversity is influenced by the region's topography and climate patterns, creating unique ecological zones.
North Africa was covered by the Sahara and other deserts prohibiting agriculture. Also the area was already occupied by tribes of Arabs who were known to engage in slave trading. There is also evidence of population movement away from the Mediterranean coastal areas of North Africa, thus the area was not a preferred destination