Nuclear fusion.
Elements withing a burning star combine until the core becomes iron, which is too dense to combine into anything else. Depending on the size of the star, how many solar masses it is, it will either cool off or, if it's big enough then it turns into a black hole, due to the massive gravitational pull it has within its core.
As heavier elements are formed by fusion in the core, a massive star will eventually exhaust its nuclear fuel and trigger a supernova explosion. This explosion will generate immense energy, leading to the production and dispersal of even more heavy elements into space.
A super giant
A planet cannot become a star. A star is an object that is massive enough to release energy via nuclear fusion. A planet is much less massive.
When heavier elements form by fusion, a massive star expands into a red supergiant. This is a stage of stellar evolution where the star increases in size and becomes much more luminous.
Yes they can
yes as heavy elements are used for fuel the star expands this is what will happen to the earth it will swell to a red giant engulfing the inner 3 planets as it slowly dies
Eta Carinae is a massive binary star system located in the Carina constellation. It consists of two massive stars, with the primary star being a blue hypergiant and the companion likely a massive hot star. These stars are surrounded by a dense nebula of gas and dust.
I assume you mean, "how long a star lives". That depends mainly on the star's mass, with more massive stars using up their fuel way faster than less massive ones.
its not a massive or a dwarf star
A massive collapsed star is a dead star.
Elements more massive than iron are created through processes such as supernova explosions and neutron star mergers, where extreme conditions allow for the fusion of lighter elements into heavier ones.