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The major composition changes to US cents are:

Since mid-1982: copper-plated zinc. The zinc core makes up 97.5% of the coin while the plating amounts to the remaining 2.5%.

From mid-1864 to 1942 and 1944 to mid-1982: a bronze alloy composed of 95% copper and 5% tin and/or zinc.

1943: cents were struck in zinc-plated steel to save copper metal for the war effort.

Flying eagle and early Indian head cents: an alloy of 88% copper and 12% nickel

Large cents: pure copper

There have been occasional minor variations to these compositions over the years.

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