It's called the rock cycle.
rock cycle
The continuous process by which new rock forms from old rock materials is called the rock cycle. This process involves the transformation of rocks from one type to another through processes like weathering, erosion, and deposition.
When melted rock solidifies, it forms an igneous rock. This process is known as crystallization.
The process is called thermal weathering or exfoliation. When rocks are heated by sunlight, they expand. As they cool down, they contract. This continual expansion and contraction can cause layers of rock to break off due to stress and strain, slowly leading to the erosion of the rock surface.
Lithification
The bend in rock that forms where part of Earth's crust is compressed is called a fold. This process typically occurs due to tectonic forces and can result in structures such as anticlines and synclines.
When sediments are forced together and become compacted and cemented, it forms a sedimentary rock through a process called lithification.
The rock forms over a cooling process.
The parent rock of soapstone is typically serpentine. Soapstone forms when talc, a soft mineral, replaces the magnesium in the parent rock serpentine through a process called metasomatism.
The process always required before igneous rock forms is the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
lava
It is called sedimentary rock.