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Some mushrooms are deadly because they are hepatotoxins. (Liver toxins). Clinical classification of mushrooms is based on symptoms. Some of the deadliest mushrooms are in Group I, II and VIII. Group I mushrooms are the Cyclopeptides, which includes the toxins: amatoxins, phallotoxins, virotoxins. Some species under this group are Amanita phalloides(death cap), A. virosa (destroying angel), A. verna (death angel), A. brunnescens, A. pantherina, A. bisporigera, Galerina autumnalis, G. venenata These mushrooms have mortality rate of over 60% Group II mushrooms are the Gyromitrin containing mushrooms. The toxin in these mushrooms are Monomethylhydrazine (gyromitrin). This group includes species such as Gyromitra californica, G. brunnea, G. esculenta. These mushroom have mortality rate around 50-60% Group VIII mushrooms are more of the deadly ones, initially the patient who ingests them will present with headache, chills, effects on the kidneys & renal failure. They also cause GI symptoms. However, mortality is rare because the effects are reversible. The toxin in Group VIII mushrooms is Orelline and orellanine. This group contains species such as Cortinarius speciosissimus and C. orellanus.

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