What is the chemical difference between stroma and the cytoplasm?

Answer 1

A "stoma" is singular, whereas "stomata" is plural.

Each guard cell is surrounded by two guard cells which are specialized parenchyma cells.

Imagine that the guard cells are like two longish, curved balloons tied together at each end. (Each guard cell is like one of these balloons). If the balloons are both filled with air, they curve away from each other, creating a hole in the middle (a stoma). However, if the two balloons are not filled with air, they are pressed tightly together. (Guard cells are pressed tightly together by the surrounding parenchyma cells).

During the day, sunlight causes the chloroplasts within the guard cells to produce sugar. (Guard cells contain more chloroplasts than surrounding parenchyma cells). Sugar builds up within the guard cells. By osmosis, water is drawn into the guard cells from the surrounding parenchyma cells, causing the guard cells to swell and close the stomata. This prevents water loss from the leaf during the heat of the day.

At night, the sugar is used up, the water within the guard cells passes out of the guard cells, and the stomata open for transpiration and gas exchange: Carbon dioxide, oxygen and water vapour pass in and out of the leaves through the stomata. (Most stomata are found on the leaves of most plants, though cactus have them on their stems - because the leaves of cactus are the needles).

Answer 2

A granum is a stack of thylakoids inside the chlorophyll.

You might find seeing this image helpful

http://www.helpsavetheclimate.com/chloroplast1.gif

Answer 3

This is an interesting question! We've notified our experts in this category and we'll email you when there is a response.

Answer 4

faq knows