Nothing, they are both felons.
Actually you have to break this down further, then the answer should become evident:
In all these cases the person is in fact a felon, but only in the last two cases does the law label them as a felon, and only in the final case have they been to prison.
Yes, they are. The difference is the severity of punishment. Felonies are codified as crimes punishable by prison for one year or longer, or by death. All other crimes are misdemeanors.
Generally felonies carry a possible penalty greater than a year in prison and misdemeanors have penalties that can be no greater than a year. For further detail see the related links below.
...the prison is on the island.
There is a difference between Life in Prison, and Life in Prison without the Possibility of Parole. Life without Parole is just that, until the end of the person's natural life. Regular Life in Prison is 40 years, and then the person becomes eligible for Parole, which does not guarantee that they will be released, only that they will regularly be reviewed by the Parole Board.
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No state opposes probation. Prison time for all persons convicted of felonies is unrealistic due to the cost and lack of prison space.
My best guess is that you are going to serve some prison time.
Sentencing guidelines vary by jurisdiction. Murder will typically get you 20 or more years. Rape Other Felonies, particularly if it is a 2nd or third offense.
The best way to find an inmate in prison is to contact the prison nearest to your location and request information. If the person you are looking for is not at that prison they should be able to give you information pertaining to how to find that person.
The main difference between a jail and a prison is the length of stay. Jail is mostly for inmates that a serving less than one year and prison is for inmates that are sentenced for more than one year. This is not a hard line, but it is a good rule of thumb. Most felonies will get you a sentence that is more than one year and most misdemeanors will get you a sentence that is less than one year.
Felonies are more than one year sentence in prison. Have you been to prison? If so you are a felon. Town, city, village or county jail is usually for misdemeanors.
Class C felony punishment in Michigan is up to 15 years in prison. Class C felonies include human trafficking that result in the person being hurt, robbery, and manslaughter