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A hybrid vehicle is defined as one that uses more than one energy source to move the vehicle. Currently the popular hybrids on the market utilize both an electric motor powered by a battery pack and a small gasoline engine to move the vehicle. Most of the hybrids will use the electric motor during normal operations and utilize the engine to recharge the batteries. Also they may use the engine and motor together to create greater accelaration when needed.
The word hybrid means "mixed - bastard".
A usual hybrid car (that you can buy in the European market-not experimental) uses more than one way to produce the energy needed to move.
Hybrid cars have two motors and they need much less fuel and they produce less CO2 in their exhaust fumes, compared with normal cars. The first motor is a normal benzene motor. The second motor is supplementary and it's an electric motor (placed directly on the engine) with extra batteries (in the trunk or behind the rear seats - maintenance free) that are charged when the car brakes down, or slows down. The extra power is given to the car when you open the throttle (when you accelerate for example)
Everything happens automatically, smoothly and with less fuel and pollution than if you only had the normal motor. No extra care for anything during driving compared with a normal car. When you are in the traffic and the car stops, the engine automatically shuts off (but the a/c still works, the windows, lights, music etc.) and automatically starts again when you take away your foot from the brake pedal.
The normal benzin motor is an improved motor and uses 2 spark plugs for every piston ignition. Sometimes the spark plugs don't ignite (when you brake down), sometimes only the one (normal driving) and sometimes both (acceleration).
You must always have fuel in order to drive the car.
A usual hybrid car (for example) that you can find in the market has a 16 valve benzin motor of 1334 cc that gives 95 PS and an extra electric motor that gives 20 PS more. That's 95+20=115 PS combined power that you cannot find elsewhere in the market (for a normal atmospheric car with a 1334 cc engine -not a turbo).
The acceleration of hubrid cars during driving (not from standing still position) is greater compared with exactly the same type of car and of the same brand with 1800 cc normal engines . They have fully continuous changing automatic transmission avoiding the delays during gear changing in usual automatic gear boxes.
I have a hybrid car and my last fuel consumption (95 octane benzin) is 38 liters of fuel for 643 km that is 5,9 liters/100 km for normal driving. For extreme driving (speeds up to 190 km/h and continuous accelerations that goes to 7,3 lt/100 km).
Gretchen Medhurst
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