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The socket is where you would put the processor. Every motherboard states what socket it uses. AM1, AM2, and AM3 are used for AMD CPUs while LGA sockets are for Intel CPUs. When buying a motherboard and/or processor, you need to make sure they match each other's socket type. The chipset is just the type of chipset the motherboard uses itself.

All you need to know when building/upgrading a computer are the following:

Power connector type (modern motherboards use a 24-pin connector but there are still some 20-pin power supplies available for older computers)
CPU socket type
RAM type (DDR2, DDR3, DDR4, etc.)
Hard drive type (SATA is the standard nowadays but older machines used IDE)
Expansion slot types (PCI and PCIe are used in a modern motherboard but AGP, VLBus, EISA, ISA, and MicroChannel have been used in the past; if you find something old enough to use something other than PCI or PCIe, avoid it)

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