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In passive sentences the doer of the verb is not usually given. Or if it is given then it is - by + noun

, this is called the agent eg

The mouse was chased by the cat

.

The agent becomes the subject of an active sentence eg:

The cat

chased the mouse.

Passive sentences are used if it is not important who or what does the action. eg

The Mona Lisa was painted in the 16th century. -- passive

When describing a process passive is used because it may not be know who or what does the action eg

Tea is picked

in the early morning. Then it is taken

to the drying shed.



Active sentences usually show who or what did the action of the verb eg

Jon ate the cake.

This sentence tells us who did the action of the verb ate

= Jon

Jon is called the subject, the cake is the object. Active sentences have the form subject + verb + object.



The teacher has marked the essays. - active

The essays have been marked. (by the teacher) - passive

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