What is the difference between amylopectin and glycogen?

The structural difference between amylose and amylopectin?

Amylose is type of starch which is unbranched. Consisting 1-4 Alfa glycosidic linkage. It is not easy to digested and takes less space than amylopectin. Amylopectin is branched and consisting 1 alfa 1-6 linkage per 30 alfa 1-6 linkage. It is similar to glycogen expecting lower level of branching.

Does glycogen and amylopectin have a helical structure like amylose and if yes why is it that glycogen and amylopectin form red-violet colouration with potassium iodide?

Yes, they are helical. The change in colouration is due to iodine being trapped in the helix. Difference in colour is due to the different wavelength of light being absorbed when iodine form bonds with the glucose molecules in the helix.

What linkages would you expect to find at a branch point in glycogen or amylopectin?

α-1,6-glycosidic linkage

Are starches with a relatively large amount of amylose digested more quickly than those with amylopectin?

Enzymes are often substrate-specific, meaning they will only catalyze a reaction with a certain molecule. The difference in structure between amylose and amylopectin causes amylase to catalyze one and not the other.

Why glycogen gives red colour with iodine?

When Iodine is added to amylose, the helical shape of the unbranched polysaccharide traps Iodine molecules, producing a deep blue-black complex. Amylopectin, cellulose, and Glycogen react with iodine to give red to brown colors. Glycogen produces a reddish-purple color.

What is the simplest form of starch?

The two components of starch are amylose and amylopectin. Amylose is a straight chain molecule made of glucose molecules joined by alpha 1-4 links. Amylopectin is a branched molecule made of glucose joined by alpha 1-4 links, with branches joined by alpha 1-6 links.

How are starch and glycogen similar and how do they differ?

Startch have two types of polymer chain,one is amylose and another is amylopectin.Amylose is simple straight chain of glucose(1--->4 linkage),while amylopectin have branching.At branching point,there is 1--->6 linage and 1--->4 linkage in every subchain. So,in startch 1-6 linkage comes after 20 to 25 gucose monomer,while in gycogen this linkage comes very frequently.....

What is the difference between liver glycogen and muscle glycogen?

Liver glycogen has low glycogenin content as compared to muscle glycogen.. liver glycogen responds to glucagon but muscle glycogen responds to catecholamines.. liver glycogen is used for the maintenance of blood glucose levels, but muscle glycogen is used for the supply of energy to the muscles liver glycogen can be completely broken down to glucose because of the presence of glucose 6 phosphatase, which does not occur in the muscles

What is the animal starch properly called?

Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in animals and humans which is analogous to the starch in plants. Glycogen is synthesized and stored mainly in the liver and the muscles. Structurally, glycogen is very similar to amylopectin with alpha acetal linkages, however, it has even more branching and more glucose units are present than in amylopectin.Starch can be separated into two fractions--amylose and amylopectin. Natural starches are mixtures of amylose (10-20%) and amylopectin (80-90%).

What are the reactants of amylase?

The Substrate for amylase are starch (amylose and Amylopectin), glycogen, and various Oligosaccharides.

What is the difference between amylose and amylopectin?

Amylopectin is easer for enzymes to get around and break it down. Amylose is a long unbranced chain of glucose, it has a cylinder like structure wich makes it compact so its good for storage. Amylopectin is a long branched chain of glucose, its structure is a benifit because enzymes that break glycosidic bonds to break down the moleclue get to it faster. This means glucose is released faster.

The main structural difference between starch glycogen cellulose comes from?

The main structural difference comes from the difference in the sequence of bonds in glycogen and cellulose and starch where the three of them composed mainly of glucose and its derivatives Starch, glycogen and cellulose are all polymers of glucose. They differ in the type of glucose present and the bonds which link thr glucose monomers together. Starch and glycogen are made from alpha-glucose. This is an isomer of glucose in which the hydroxyl (-OH) group attached to carbon number 1 is below the plane of the ring. Starch is itself composed of two types of polymer:amylose and amylopectin. In amylose, the glucose monomers are linked by 1,4 glycosidic bonds. This means that the bond connects carbon atom number 1 in one glucose to carbon atom number 4 in the other glucose. This produces an unbranched chain of glucose which then folds up to form a coil or helix. In amylopectin there are two types of glycosidic bonds: 1,4 and 1,6. The 1,4 links are the same as in amylose. In addition some glucose molecules have a glycosidic link from carbon atom number 6 to carbon atom number 1 in a new glucose molecule. This produces a branch point in the amylopectin molecule. Amylopectin is therefore a branched polymer. Glycogen is similar in structure to amylopectin, but branches more frequently. Cellulose is an unbranched polymer composed of beta glucose molecules. Beta glucose is an isomer of glucose in which the hydroxyl group attached to carbon 1 is above the plane of the ring. The glucose monomers are linked by 1,4 glycosidic bonds. Hydrogen bonds between adjacent cellulose molecules allow them to form strong fibres, which suite them to their role as the main structural component of plant cell walls. For more details see: http://www.steve.gb.com/science/index.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polysaccharide http://www.rpi.edu/dept/bcbp/molbiochem/MBWeb/mb1/part2/sugar.htm