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There is no 'negative' conductor in an a.c. system. The two supply conductors are termed, 'line' (the 'hot' conductor) and the 'neutral'. The neutral conductor is obtained from the earthed terminal of the distribution transformer's secondary winding (coil) and is, therefore, approximately at the same potential as earth, whereas the line conductor is at (e.g. in the UK) 230 V or (e.g. in North America) 120 V. In a residence, the earth conductor is properly called the 'protective conductor', and its purpose is to provide a low-resistance path back to the source in the event of an earth-fault in the residence, which will cause the appropriate fuse or circuit breaker to disconnect the circuit.

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Q: What is the difference between negative and ground in AC electric circuits?
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