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The chemical formula for sodium nitrate is NaNO3, and the formula for sodium nitrite is NaNO2. Both are used as food preservatives.

Sodium nitrite is a strong oxidizing agent, and slowly oxidizes to sodium nitrate when exposed to air. It is found as a whitish yellow powder. It is very soluble in water.

Sodium nitrate is found as a white power and also used as a fertilizer and a rocket propellant. It is soluble in ammonia and most alcohols.

These compounds are more similar than they are different. Both are used as a preservative in meat, but concerns have been raised about possible carcinogenic properties.

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Q: What is the difference between sodium nitrate and sodium nitrite?
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