there would be no directions, unless you're talking about north, south, etc. those directions are based on the magnetic field
Straight. If gravity did not pull a planet into an elliptical orbit, momentum would cause it to continue straight ahead at the same speed it had been moving. If the Sun's gravity were to magically disappear, the Earth would fly off into space at 67,000 miles per hour.
every planet
The force of gravity acts in the opposite direction of the object's movement, pulling it back towards the center of the planet.
mass and density
Mainly, the Sun's gravity attracts a planet; as a result, the planet accelerates towards the Sun (the direction changes gradually, so the planet goes more in direction towards the Sun), resulting in the curved orbit.
The greater the mass, the greater the force of gravity.
No, a planet's moons and atmosphere do not directly affect its gravity. Gravity is primarily determined by the mass of the planet itself; the more massive the planet, the stronger its gravitational pull. While moons can influence tidal forces and an atmosphere can affect pressure and weather, they do not change the fundamental gravitational force exerted by the planet.
Actually the gravity cannot affect the suns movement. But without gravity, every planet would stop orbiting and sail off out of here in a straight line.
Yes, there is a relationship between a planet's distance from the sun and its surface gravity. The closer a planet is to the sun, the stronger the gravitational pull from the sun, which can affect the planet's own gravity. However, other factors, such as a planet's mass and composition, also play a significant role in determining its surface gravity.
earths rotation around the sun
It does not. Mass is independent of where an object is. Weight, however, will vary in direct proportion to the planet's gravity.
Increasing the mass of a protective container does not affect the force of gravity acting on it. The force of gravity is determined by the mass of the planet or celestial body the container is on and the distance from the center of that body. The mass of an object does not affect the force of gravity acting on it.