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The Mantle The layer above the core is the mantle. It begins about 6 miles(10 km) below the oceanic crust and about 19 miles (30 km) below the continental crust (see The Crust). The function of the mantle is to separate the inner mantle and the outer mantle. It is about 1,800 miles(2,900 km) thick and makes up nearly 80 percent of the Earth's total volume. Science deals with the structure of the mantle in two different ways. One way is based on its chemical construction (the material), the other on the way layers stream or move.
What does the mantle consist of? Based on the chemical construction: Inner Mantle: the inner mantle can be found between 190 miles (300 km) an 1,800 miles (2,890 km) below the earth's surface. The average temperature is 5400 ºF (3000ºC), nevertheless the rock is solid because of the high pressures. The inner mantle for the biggest part probably consists of sulphides and oxides of silicon and magnesium. The density is between 4.3g/cm³ and 5.4g/cm³. Outer Mantle: The outer mantle is a lot thinner than the inner mantle. It can be found between 7 miles (10 km) and 190 miles (300 km) below the surface of the earth. You can divide the outer mantle into two different layers. The bottom layer is tough liquid rock and probably consists of silicates of iron and magnesium. The temperature in this part is between 2520 ºF (1400ºC) and 5400 º F (3000ºC) and the density is between 3.4g/cm³ and 4.3g/cm³. The upper layer of the outer mantle consists of the same material but is stiffer because of its lower temperature.
Based on the way layers stream or move: From this perspective, you look at the outer mantle and the crust together. Here we make a difference in asthenosphere and lithosphere.
Asthenosphere: The tough liquid part of the outer mantle.
Lithosphere: The stiffer part of the outer mantle and the crust. The lithosphere 'floats' on the asthenosphere, like ice on water.
What Influence does the Mantle Have? Because the earth is very hot inside, a current of heat flows from the core to the crust. This is called convection current and it also takes place in the mantle. This current cools down as it comes closer to the surface of the earth. As a result, the rising of the current decreases and goes into horizontal direction along the bottom of the crust. When the current cools down more, the convection current descends again and goes to the inner earth. There the temperature increases and the current rises again. This goes on and on. When the current comes at a weaker part of the crust, for example at a volcano, magma comes above the earth's surface. The convection current along the bottom of the crust causes the moving of the tectonic plates. This is called plate tectonics. The movement of these plates goes very slowly. The bumping of two tectonic plates causes an earthquake.
From: http://mediatheek.thinkquest.nl/~ll125/en/mantle.htm
What else can I help you with?
What are earths main layer?
Crust, mantle, and inner core.
What is hotter inner mantle or outer mantle?
Oh, dude, the inner mantle is definitely hotter than the outer mantle. Like, we're talking about temperatures reaching up to 4000°C in the inner mantle compared to a measly 500-900°C in the outer mantle. So, if you're looking for a hot spot, the inner mantle is where it's at.
What are Earths three main layers?
Crust, mantle, and inner core.
What are the 4 earths layer?
The crust, mantle, inner core, and outer core.
What is earths solid inner core surrounded by?
The mantle! I remember learning this in geography :)
What lies below Earths Lower Mantle?
From the outside into the Earth. It goes Crust, Upper Mantle, Mantle, Outer Core, and Inner Core
What are the names of the earths layers in order?
the crust the mantle the outer core and the inner core.
What are some words to do with earths layers?
Outer Core, Inner Core, Mantle, Crust
What are the layers name of earths interior?
The layers of Earth's interior are the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The crust is the outermost layer, followed by the mantle which is divided into the upper and lower mantle. The outer core is liquid and the inner core is solid.
What is each layer of earths starting from earths center include both layers of the core and all of the layers of the mantle?
Inner core (probably solid); outer core (probably liquid); mantle, crust.
Which of earths layer has is thinnest?
The crust is the thinnest, followed by the outer core, inner core, and the mantle is the thickest.
What is a good website for the earths layers?
I just studied them. They are: Crust, Mantle, Outer Core and Inner Core
