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A very Modern HIGH TECH wind turbine would be about 40-50% efficient in converting the winds kinetic energy into mechanical energy in the turbine. Then of course, the generator would be 90-98% efficient for a VERY efficient generator. The German physicist Albert Betz that the maximum efficiency of converting wind kinetic energy to mechanical energy is 59%. This number was derived from a lengthy and accurate physics calculation. This limitation is due to the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics. Think of it this way, if all the kinetic energy of the wind has to go to the wind turbine, then all the wind particles would loose all their kinetic energy and stop completely. The wind particles would just build up and stop more wind from flowing past if this was true.

A heat engine is similar but the efficiency increases as the temperature of the engine increases relative to its surroundings. That is why bigger engines (think power stations) are more efficient, because they can run at higher temperatures.

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Vincent Hilpert

Lvl 13
2y ago

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