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Lions, tigers, lynxes, leopards, pumas, and cheetahs are all meat eaters, along with their smaller cousins the oscelots, bobcats, servals, sandcats and a few dozen more small wildcats. And all the wild dogs, wolves, foxes, and coyotes eat mostly meat, too.

So how is it that canids evolved to have longer muzzles than felids?

Good question! Especially since in some ways canids and felids have so much in common. Both have sharp teeth and jaws powerful enough to crush the necks of their prey. And species in both families can coordinate to hunt in groups, or singly when they so choose or have to.

The answer comes down to a critical difference in hunting behavior. It is a difference in how cats and dogs finish their kill, easiest to see when they down big prey. Cats make lethal attacks from above, dogs from below. Cats jump on the animal they target, sink in sharp claws to maneuver themselves above the animal, then bite to sever the spine in back of the neck between head and shoulder blades. Dogs snap at their prey from the ground, bringing them down by the throat.

All else equal, the most successful hunting cats to this day are the best jumpers and climbers. And the most successful dogs have the longest muzzles and the biggest teeth. Can you think of other ways the bodies of canids and felids evolved differently to help them in their own hunts?

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