White and grey matter are essentially made up of bundles of nerve fibers (called neurons) that convey nerve impulses between the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system. The major difference between white and gray matter within the spinal cord is that white matter is primarily composed of myelinated nerve fibers, while the nerve fibers of gray matter are not. Myelinated nerve cells tremendously increase the speed at which the action potential (nerve impulse) moves along the neurons axon. The job of the neurons that make up white matter is to either convey an action potential from a sensory receptor to the central nervous system, or, from the central nervous system out to an effector (such as a muscle or tissue). These neurons are called sensory neurons and motor neurons respectively. Gray matter consists of unmyelinated neurons, called interneurons. Their main duty is to provide communication between the peripheral and central nervous systems. Think of interneurons as a bridge linking two regions together. For unmyelinated neurons, the speed at which an action potential can propagate down the cell's axon is far less than that of the myelinated neurons of white matter.
In the spinal cord, white matter is the tissue in which messages pass between different areas of gray matter within the nervous system. (It makes the connection between gray matter.)
The main function of the dura mater (as with the arachnoid and pia mater) is to protect, surround, and support the spinal cord. It also forms the dural sac which extends from the foramen magnum all the way down to the coccyx. Inside this formed sac is where you'll find the arachnoid mater, subarachnoid space, pia mater, and the spinal cord/nerves/roots.
The outside of the Dura Mater (a protective layer of the spinal cord and brain) of the spinal cord.
The dura mater is the outermost membrane of the brain and spinal cord. The dura mater is is responsible for keeping in the cerebrospinal fluid.
Its a protective layer around the brain and spinal cord bettween the Dura mater and Pia mater
Spinal cord, spinal nerve roots, and Dura mater
It creates a protective barrier to the brain
If you are referring to the spinal cord then the vertebrae, dura mater, arachnoid mater and pia mater. If referring to the actual bones then supportive muscles, intervertebral discs, connective tissue including adipose (fat).
Pia Mater
To cushion your brain and spinal cord and provide nutrients for the brain. It is found in the ventricular system, in the brain and spinal cord and the subarachnoid space between the pia mater and the arachnoid mater of the meninges.
The meninges, i.e. the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord.
An arachnoid mater is a membrane which protects the brain and spinal cord below the dura mater and above the subarachnoid space and the pia mater.
The thin like membrane that covers the brain is "Dura Matter", and the thin like protection surrounding the spinal cord is a "mylein Sheath".