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Isostasy is the balance and buoyancy of the Earth's crust floating on the asthenosphere, the top layer of the mantle. The asthenosphere, like Silly Putty, adjusts to the different densities and thicknesses of the crust.

For instance, glaciers add weight (density, really) to the surface of the Earth. The added density depresses the flexible crust down into the asthenosphere, which, in turn, responds by slowly flowing away from the added burden. As the glaciers melt, the crust under them rebounds (rises), and the asthenosphere flows back, returning to its normal level.

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Q: What is the general term of the up and down forces between the crust and the mantle?
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