The gravity of Jupiter
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orbit .
It is called an orbit. A comet has an eccentric or parabolic orbit.
chiken tenders
Comets in space have an orbit path.
An orbit
An orbit
asteroid belt
A comet has the most potential energy at its farthest point from the sun (aphelion) in its elliptical orbit. At this point, the comet's gravitational potential energy is maximized due to the distance from the sun being at its greatest.
The first person to calculate a comet's elliptical path and predict its return date was Edmond Halley, who did so for the comet now known as Halley's Comet. He predicted its return after observing it in 1682, and it returned as predicted in 1758.
Halley's Comet is following its long orbital path. It is currently a little past the orbit of Neptune, and is not visible.
A comet is often described by Astronomers as a 'Dirty Snowball'. This is because a comet comprises of Ice, from frozen gases mixed with dust and other particulate matter, collected on its orbital path.
Tracking the wayward path of a comet is no easy matter.