nucleus
The white stringy material often observed in cellular samples, such as during DNA extraction, typically consists of DNA mixed with other cellular components. Along with DNA, it may contain proteins, lipids, and RNA, as well as other nucleic acids and cellular debris. Thus, while DNA is a significant component, it is not purely DNA; the mixture reflects the complexity of the cellular environment from which it is derived.
Replication enables cellular components to copy themselves independent of DNA.
Chromosomes contain the genetic material, DNA, which provides the instructions for cellular activity. DNA carries the genes that encode proteins, which are crucial for the functioning of cells. The sequence of nucleotides in DNA determines the sequence of amino acids in proteins, and the specific proteins produced regulate and carry out the various cellular processes. Therefore, chromosomes are considered the blueprint of cellular activity because they house the genetic information that governs how cells function.
Mitochondria is the only animal cellular organelle which has its own DNA & ribosomes becoz it produces ATP molecules.
DNA
DNA is found in all life on earth. It is the basis of cellular reproduction.
There is no replication of the DNA in cellular respiration or photosynthesis. In cellular respiration, you have biological oxidation of the glucose molecule. In case of the photosynthesis you have the reverse process that takes place.
Topoisomerase enzymes help unwind DNA by cutting and rejoining the DNA strands, allowing them to rotate and relieve tension during cellular processes like replication and transcription.
It is in the nucleus, basically the brain of the cell.
The nuclear structure that contains cellular DNA is the nucleus. Within the nucleus, DNA is organized into structures called chromosomes, which carry the genetic information necessary for controlling the cell's activities and functions.
Incubation in DNA extraction helps break down the cell and nuclear membranes, releasing the DNA. The incubation step usually involves a lysis buffer that contains detergents and enzymes to disrupt the cellular structure and separate the DNA from other cellular components. This allows for the extraction and purification of the DNA for downstream applications.
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