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What is the idea of atonement?

Updated: 8/18/2019
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Human beings ("men" hereinafter) are required to be without sin to have a relationship with God. Sinning-committing any sin, or sinfully failing to do what is required-blocks having a relationship with God.

So God is in the position that, because He loves us, He wants to have a relationship with us on the one hand, but on the other hand He cannot overlook the offense of sin.

To satisfy the demands of payment that sin incurs, either the guilty party can pay for their sin (that payment is death), or someone else could pay it for them. But since all have sinned and have fallen short of the required status to be the person who pays another's debt, this was an option, but an impossibility.

This was rectified by God in the Person of the Son taking on an additional nature of becoming a man, living a sinless life, then willingly offering Himself as a payment for others. This payment was acceptable.

So now, the payment having been made, to all who will put their hope for being debt-free before God in nothing but the fact that the payment for their sins was 100% paid by Jesus on the cross, God counts their "balance sheet" (as it were) as being paid in full.

Atonement is this payment, and the act is called reconciliation.

This concept has carried over into the secular world where a criminal "makes atonement" for their crime through jail time ("paying their debt to society") and fines.

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