Part of the reason that HIV hasn't been cured yet is that it does mutate regularly.
The virus changes its genetic structure, forming resistance to drugs.
One of the possible cures of HIV is to actually speed up the mutation process until it loses its virulence. However, that is still in the experimental stages.
How does mutation that protects some humans from HIV infection arose?
No, HIV is a communicable disease caused by a virus, not by genetics.
Its known why and is not a possible reason but fact. Its a naturally occurring genetic mutation. HIV seeks out and uses CD4 the protein that covers the T helper cell that HIV infects. The mutation creates a different protein on the T helper cell that HIV is not able to detect. Without binding to T helper cells HIV will wither and die. 4% of Scananavians,3% of western Europeans and sadly 0% of sub-sahran Africans have the mutation.
The Delta 32 mutation is a genetic variation that affects the CCR5 gene, which encodes a protein that HIV uses to enter and infect immune cells. Individuals with this mutation have a deletion of 32 base pairs, resulting in a nonfunctional CCR5 receptor, making it difficult for the virus to enter their cells. As a result, people with the Delta 32 mutation have a lower risk of contracting HIV and, consequently, AIDS. This mutation is believed to have provided a survival advantage during historical epidemics, such as the bubonic plague, leading to its persistence in certain populations.
HIV has a high mutation rate primarily due to its replication process, which involves the reverse transcription of RNA into DNA. The reverse transcriptase enzyme lacks proofreading capabilities, leading to frequent errors during DNA synthesis. Additionally, the virus replicates rapidly, producing a vast number of copies, which increases the likelihood of mutations. This high variability enables HIV to adapt quickly to immune responses and antiretroviral treatments.
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HIV is known for its high mutation rate, allowing it to evolve rapidly in response to selective pressures such as the immune system or antiviral medications. This continuous evolution in HIV's genetic makeup helps it adapt to new challenges, making it a real-life example of natural selection and evolution in action.
HIV mutates rapidly due to the high error rate of its reverse transcriptase enzyme, leading to diverse viral strains. Additionally, immune system pressure selects for variants that can evade detection or control, contributing to the large number of immunological variants of HIV.
the likelyhood of seeing action is about the same likelyhood of NOT seeing action.
HIV is a very complex, highly changeable virus. Even if it gets killed by the medicines or vaccines, it gets reactivated. Scientists are continuing to make and test HIV vaccines in animals, and even in human subjects.
In all likelyhood, somewhere in the Caribbean.
Bacteria and viruses gaining resistance to antibiotics and antivirals.