Practically there is no reversible isentropic process but to make the concept easier to be understood, you have to assume the following:
* Ideal gas.
* no friction losses.
* Adiabatic preocess (no heat gain, no heat loss).
API 520 part 1 Appendix B assumes that the vapor expansion through a nozzle or a pressure relief valve follows an isentropic path.
Isentropic process
isenthalpic expansion is through PRDS or control valve where entropy changes. Whereas expansion through a steam turbine is isentropic one and enthalpy drops. isentropic expansion is more efficient process as compared to isenthalic one.
entropy of thermodynamic systems
specific heat
what is heat a thermodynamic function
Isentropic process
A process takes place from initiation to completion without an increase or decrease in the entropy
isenthalpic expansion is through PRDS or control valve where entropy changes. Whereas expansion through a steam turbine is isentropic one and enthalpy drops. isentropic expansion is more efficient process as compared to isenthalic one.
A process takes place from initiation to completion without an increase or decrease in the entropy
An adiabatic process is a thermodynamic process, there is no gain or loss of heat.
entropy of thermodynamic systems
specific heat
An isoentropic process is a chemical or thermodynamic process in which entropy does not change. An example a reversible adiabatic process is isoentropic.
At engineering level technically both process are same except there definition both process give hyperbolic curve in P-V diagram and straight line in T-S diagram. and even in polytropic process PV^n=constant if n=1 then it is not hyperbolic process it is isothermal process even though the definition says pv=c is hyperbolic process.
Reversible adiabatic expansion/compression
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A gas water heater is used to produce hot water in a thermodynamic process. The use of hot water in a domestic environment includes cooking, cleaning, bathing and heating.