family
Feudalism was during the Middle Ages. Physical Education started in the early 1800s. Children exercised by working with the parents in the Middle Ages.
Charlemagne's most lasting contribution to the church was ending the Dark Ages and ushering in a new era of education, culture, and art.
Some religions help people of all ages learn integrity, loving kindness, and good values.
Encouraging trade.
No. There was no need. The people of the time had physical challenges in everything they did. They had to walk everywhere, they hunted, had weapons practice, and worked on the crops. If a building was built there were no machines to help and required people to carry the stones and pull the stones to where they were going to be placed.
Arab
Telescopes made no contribution whatsoever to any society in the Middle Ages,mainly because there were no telescopes during the Middle Ages.
Department of Education
Constantine banned education during the Middle ages. Monasteries were the single place where knowledge was taught.
The internet was NOT a factor in shaping the Middle Ages.
All ages
He was the "light" in the dark ages because he built schools and he brought education back to the dark ages.