It is called probability that an event might happen on a scale from 0 to 1
an explanation of how or why something happens is called a hypothesis.
pseudoscience
A verb form used to show when something happens is called tense.
twice-a-day or it can be called semi-diurnal which relates to such occurrences as tides.
A reason for why something happens is called a "cause." It refers to the factor or circumstance that leads to a particular effect or outcome.
an event
Karma
The science of how fossils form: what happens to organic matter, its traces and the organisms themselves after death is called: taphonomy
The mathematical and computer science that helps creates and analyzes algorithms is called numerical analysis. People use this to help answer problems in the science, medical and engineering fields.
A possible explanation is called a hypothesis.
It's called payback
The chance of something happening can be called a probability.