Objects in space usually travel in an elliptical orbit. In astronomy, an apsis is the point of greatest distance of the elliptical orbit of an astronomical object from its center of attraction, which is generally the center of mass of the system. More common term is APOGEE for fartherest distance of the moon from the Earth. Perigee is the name of the closest distance. For orbits around the Sun, the word used is perihelion and aphelion. Source Wikipedia
Earth is at its maximum distance from the sun in July. In 2012, it was farthest from the sun on July 4th or 5th.
distance between the earth and the sun.
One AU is the distance between the Earth and the Sun.
The nearest distance is called the perihelion and the furthest distance is called the aphelion (there is about 5 million km difference). The mean distance is called one astronomical unit.
The average distance between Earth and its moon is 238,000 miles, approximately.
Aphelion.
No matter where earth and Neptune are in their orbits about the sun, Neptune will always be the furthest planet from us. The reason is that the distance between Uranus and Neptune is much greater than the distance between the earth and sun.
Around the outside of the earth, about 12,500 miles. Through the earth, about 8300 miles.
The minimum Earth-Neptune distance is approximately 4.36 billion miles. The maximum is 4.63 billion miles.
Earth is at its maximum distance from the sun in July. In 2012, it was farthest from the sun on July 4th or 5th.
The distance between two observers on Earth is fairly small (maximum about 12,000 km), compared to the distance from Earth to Moon (about 380,000 km on average).
Astronomical unit.
That would be the Earth's distance from the Sun (at aphelion) plus the Earth-Moon distance. The latter is insignificant.
The point in earth's orbit where it is closest to the sun is called "perihelion".
distance between the earth and the sun.
Saturn is 9.5 AU from the sun. This means that its approximate distance from Earth, depending on the time of year and the relative position of the two planets from one another, is between 8.5AU and 10.5AU. To be more exact, the minimum distance of Saturn from earth is 1195.5x106 km, and the maximum distance from earth is 1658.5x106 km.
It's called 1 Astronomical unit.