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It's not really possible to answer this question.

Assuming the Earth's only source of heat is the Sun, that heating occurs by radiative transfer, and the Earth absorbs every bit of sunlight that hits it and never radiates any away, the maximum possible temperature would be the same as the Sun's photosphere ... about 5800 K. However, this is an upper bound, and not a particularly good one; there are several other effects that would take over to start reducing the temperature before it got anywhere near that hot. Most notably, the Earth does radiate away heat, and would do so faster as the temperature increased.

If we take Venus as a model for the maximum possible "greenhouse effect", we can set a much lower upper bound. Venus has an average surface temperature of around 750 K, and Earth, being further away from the Sun, would presumably be somewhat less than that even if the atmospheric conditions were the same.

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9y ago
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12y ago

The core of the Earth, probably as hot as the surface of the sun. But it's hard to say really...

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Q: What is the maximum temperature that earth can reach?
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