The '.' refers to the current directory that you are working in, and the '..' refers to its parent (i.e. the directory just above the one you are now in).
This includes the presence of a switch or option - in this case the 'a' option. Every command in Unix is free to interpret what they means differently as there is no universal meaning for this switch.
Any Linux/Unix process that runs in the background is called a 'daemon' process. The word derives from the Greek meaning "worker".
The word daemon is a word of Greek derivation meaning "worker". Daemon processes in Unix are background tasks that do things, such as printing, networking, task scheduling, etc.
GNU is a what is known as a recursive acronym, meaning an acronym that refers back to itself. GNU is a computer operating system similar to the Unix operating system; the acronym stands for "GNU's Not Unix".
UUCP is the abbriviation of Unix to Unix copy. It is worldwide email system called UUCP or Unix to Unix copy.This email system was developed for the operating system called Unix.
No, but Linux is based on Unix since Linux is a Unix clone.
If you are referring to the desktop as being a graphical user interface then Unix is capable of running without it. A GUI was a more recent addition to Unix, meaning that the earlier versions just used a command line and had no desktop environment at all. Today, you can install versions of Unix or Linux that do not have a graphical component at all, and several administrators (such as myself) prefer not to use a desktop.
Unix work is performed by users of the unix system, for application and system programs, or anything that requires a Unix system.
A computer that runs Unix.
Unix commands
A Unix console is a CLI interface through which to control or monitor a Unix computer.
Unix configuration is the process of tailoring a freshly installed version of Unix to your particular environment. Each Unix system may do that differently.