Infilitration
Infilitration
Water is the chief agent of erosion on Earth, as it can shape landforms through processes like flowing in rivers, freezing in glaciers, or wearing down rocks through constant movement.
The process of water moving down through the soil is called infiltration. It refers to the movement of water from the ground surface into the soil.
The force of gravity is acting against the downward movement of water through the ground. This force is responsible for pulling the water downwards towards the Earth's center.
The earth can be reshaped through processes like erosion, where wind, water, or ice wear down the surface of the earth over time. Tectonic activity, such as the movement of plates that make up the earth's crust, can also reshape the earth through processes like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
The movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane is called diffusion. Water will always diffuse down a concentration gradient, from high solute concentration to low solute concentration.
Infiltration is the vertical (up and down) movement of surface water.
Changes on Earth's surface can occur slowly through processes like weathering, erosion, and tectonic plate movement. Weathering breaks down rocks and minerals over time, while erosion wears away landforms through the movement of water, wind, or ice. Tectonic plate movement leads to gradual shifts in the Earth's crust, causing changes in landscapes over long periods.
The two main mechanisms are precipitation, which brings water down to Earth in the form of rain, snow, etc., and evaporation, which sends water back up into the atmosphere as water vapor. This continuous cycle of water movement is known as the water cycle.
Down-slope movement of Earth materials can be due to various factors such as gravity, water, wind, ice, and human activities. These forces cause erosion, mass wasting, and landslides, leading to the gradual movement and displacement of soil, rock, and sediment downslope.
Infiltration is the vertical (up and down) movement of surface water.
Runoff is water that fell from the clouds onto the earth, then is either sliding down the earth or through the earth back down to the ocean. Erosion is the ocean waters washing up on the shore, slowly breaking down and separating the rocks and earth.