ejecta
The name of the material that shaters or brakes during impact is called sediment.
Chicxulub impact crater.
The material that stacks around the edge of an impact crater on the Moon is called "crater rim ejecta" or simply "ejecta." This material is composed of debris that is ejected outward during the impact event and can form a raised rim around the crater. The thickness and extent of this ejecta can vary depending on the size of the impact and the characteristics of the lunar surface.
The name of the great meteor crater in Arizona is simply called Meteor Crater. It is also known as Barringer Crater, named after Daniel Barringer who was one of the first to suggest it was formed by a meteor impact.
One name of a crater on the moon is Tycho. Tycho Crater is a prominent lunar impact crater with a diameter of about 85 kilometers and is located in the southern highlands of the moon. It is easily recognizable due to its bright rays that extend across the lunar surface.
When an asteroid or comet collides with the surface of a planet, it can create a large crater known as an impact crater. The size and shape of the crater depend on factors like the size and speed of the impacting object, as well as the composition of the planet's surface. Impact craters play a crucial role in planetary geology and can provide important insights into a planet's history and geologic processes.
The South Pole-Aitken basin (not "Aitken crater") on the far side of the moon, at 1,600 miles across, is not only the largest known impact crater on the moon but one of the largest in the solar system. It is also believed to be the moon's oldest and deepest (over 8 miles deep).
When a meteorite impact causes a pit or depression in the ground, that is called a crater.
Chicxulub is a town located in the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico. It is also the name of the impact crater buried beneath the town, which was formed by the asteroid impact that is widely believed to have caused the extinction of the dinosaurs around 66 million years ago.
The only astronomical mentions my research turned up is that Alder is the name of an impact crater on the Moon. Here's the link to read about it: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alder_(crater). Otherwise, this is the genus name of a plant.
Crater of Diamonds is an ancient volcanic crater that contains diamonds in its rocks.
A crater, but usually basins are much bigger than your average crater. So they are known by another name since often their characteristics are slightly different; the proportions of the impacting object are larger.