Milky Way
our solar system belongs to the milky way Galaxy
Earth
Galaxy
The planets are part of the galaxy.
Uranus.
Like all the planets in the solar system, Jupiter is in the Milky Way Galaxy.
Earth belongs to the Milky Way Galaxy, which belongs to the The Local Group, which is part of the Virgo Super Cluster
It is possible that every galaxy has some planets. We just are starting to detect some planets in other galaxies.
The planets we know of, some 300 now, are all in the Milky Way galaxy.
Planets are not necessarily in a galaxy but chances are very slim that in a galaxy that is not just newly forming there would not be any exoplanets.
We expect the Andromeda galaxy to be just like our own Milky Way galaxy. We can see stars (suns) in the Andromeda Galaxy and just as stars have planets orbiting them in our galaxy, we believe that there must be planets also orbiting stars in the Andromeda galaxy.
The Andromeda galaxy is a separate galaxy from our Milky Way and has its own set of planets. However, due to the vast distance between our galaxies, we are currently unable to observe individual planets in the Andromeda galaxy.