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Hardwood is widely used to make fine furniture.
Hardwood lumber can be used for really any woodworking job. Since it is generally more expensive and visually appealing it is better to use it for decorative pieces and furniture.
Softwood is alot cheaper as it is faster to grow than hardwood.
Ash, oak, poplar, mahogany, maple and many others.
Beech wood is used for Scandinavian furniture - especially curved types of furniture.
Hardwood is better for flooring than softwood, since floors experience considerable stress and sometimes very concentrated pressure, such as the leg of a piece of furniture might exert.
It can be used for hardwood floors.
Famously England built her ships from Oak, Robin Hood's bows were made from yew. and walnut was used for fine furniture.
Birch is a hardwood. It comes in white, yellow and black varieties. It can be used in furniture and resembles cherry but is usually lighter in color and less expensive.
The Blackbean.
Soft wood is easily damaged, and is never as strong as hardwood. Window frames made of soft timber can be very badly damaged by Cockatoos in Australia. Soft timber on doors or door frames is easily damaged by dogs if they scratch at the door to get inside. When furniture is taken through a doorway, it can damage the frame badly if it hits it accidentally . Hardwood is the best timber to use for window & door frames and doors. It is best for furniture for the same reason. Hardwood is always used to construct Jetties and Piers , especially water resistant types of hardwood. House stumps also need to be made of water resistant hardwoods . The best hardwoods will last up to 50 years in wet situations, before they start to rot. Ships hulls are usually made of hardwood. Up until about 1960, house wall framing was always made of Australian hardwood because it was cheap and plentiful. Since that date, Australian house framing has been predominantly a soft timber named Pinus Radiata which grows faster than Eucalypt hardwoods, and is easier to dry ,and easier to saw, and nail. It is also less inclined to warp or twist.
Any wood considered to be hardwood works well. Some examples are Oak, Mahogany, Maple, Cherry. Think flooring woods.