The specific, applicable NFPA standards would depend upon the type of occupancy and quantity of storage, among other things.
You would start with NFPA 101 for Life Safety Code and NFPA 1 for Fire Code and follow their respective references, or see if there is a specific standard for your type of occupancy, e.g., NFPA 430 Code for the Storage of Liquid and Solid Oxidizers.
There is no NFPA requirement to have a fire extinguisher in a one- or two-family residence.
The OSHA regulations set the requirement to have extingishers, refers to the NFPA standards, and sets a requirement to train workers to use them.
NFPA 412 Standard for Evaluating Aircraft Rescue and Fire-Fighting Foam Equipment NFPA 414 Standard for Aircraft Rescue and Fire-Fighting Vehicles NFPA 403 Standard for Aircraft Rescue and Fire-Fighting Services at Airports NFPA 402 Guide for Aircraft Rescue and Fire-Fighting Operations among others
NFPA 1002 is the Standard for Driver Operator Professional Qualifications.
To the best of my knowledge, ADA says to follow NFPA 72 standards. NFPA 72 Standards state that the operable part of the pull station shall be between 3-1/3 ft and 4-1/2 ft.
NFPA 220: Standard on Types of Building Construction
NFPA 10
NFPA 70
Nfpa 1500)
NFPA 10: Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers
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The National Electrical Code® is published as NFPA 70, the NEC®, in addition to NFPA 70A for one- and two-family dwellings, NFPA 70B for Electrical Equipment Maintenance and NFPA 70E, the Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace®.