the SA node
The rate and pace of the heart are set by the SA node. There are backup systems in place if the SA node fails to do its job.
Sinoatrial Node (SA node)
The SA node is the "pacemaker" of the heart. Cells in the SA node are called "pacemaker" cells and they direct the contraction rate of the entire heart by generating action potentials.
The primary pacemaker of a normal healthy heart is the sinus node (or SA node). It is located in the right atria of the heart.
The anterior, upper part of the right atrium.The Sinoatrial Node or SA Node is located in the right Atrium of the Heart. The SA node is responsible of the normal sinus rhythm.
The primary pacemaker of the mammalian heart is the sino-atrial node. If the SA node fails, the atrioventricular node (AV node) takes over pacemaking.
depolarizes to its threshold potential before other pacemakers in the heart
The SA node normally functions as the pacemaker for the entire heart because its intrinsic rate is the fastest in the system. From the SA node, impulses spread out over the atria, causing them to contract.
The sinoatrial node has an intrinsic rate of about 100 beats per minute, but it is normally down regulated by the vagus nerve.
The rate of P waves will be faster than the rate of QRS complexes.
1) Sino-atrial node is master node and atrio-ventricular node is on the path from SA node to impulse to ventricles. 2) SA node has intrinsic rhythme rate of about 72 beats/ minute and AV has intrinsic rhythme rate of about 50 beats per minute. 3) SA node has autonomic ( sympathetic and parasympathetic ) nerve supply and AV node do not have any such supply. 4) SA node regulates the heart rate and AV node slows down the conduction across the path, so that atria gets time to contract, to be fallowed by contraction of ventricles. 5) Disease of the SA node generally leads to sick sinus syndrome. Disease of the AV node generally leads to atrioventricular block.