protein synthesis
RNA molecules have many functions, but in the majority of cells most RNA molecules are involved in just one job- protein synthesis.
protein synthesis
RNA molecules are most involved in protein synthesis, specifically in the process of translation where messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded by ribosomes to produce proteins. RNA molecules such as transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) play key roles in this process by carrying amino acids and forming the ribosome structure, respectively.
RNA are transcribed from DNA. Proteins synthesis is the process where all three RNAs are involved. mRNA codes for amino acids, tRNA functions as adapter moelcule that carry amino acids, rRNA are a part of ribosomes.
RNA polymerase catalyzes the linkage between nucleotides to form mRNA during the process of transcription. Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that synthesizes DNA from an RNA template, tRNA is involved in protein synthesis, and RNA ligase is responsible for joining RNA molecules together.
RNA polymerase is a good name for the enzyme because it accurately describes its function – it is an enzyme that synthesizes RNA molecules from a DNA template by linking nucleotides together in a polymerization reaction. The name "polymerase" indicates that it is involved in polymerization, while "RNA" specifies the type of nucleic acid molecule being synthesized.
There are four primary ones: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil.
RNA does not contain sugar like glucose, but is made up of ribose sugar molecules. A single RNA nucleotide contains one ribose sugar molecule.
Ribose is a sugar molecule found in RNA (ribonucleic acid), one of the main types of nucleic acids in cells. It is a key component of the ribose-phosphate backbone that forms the structure of RNA molecules.
One of the bases of RNA is uracil while one of the bases of DNA is thymine.
DNA and RNA are molecules responsible for heredity and variation in organisms. They carry genetic information that is passed down from one generation to the next, and mutations in these molecules can lead to variations within a species.
Generally there is one mRNA transcript made from each gene. There are exceptions to this.