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The operating cycle approach to working capital includes four key events. They are purchase of raw materials, payment for purchase, sale of unfinished goods and collection of cash for sold goods.
net operating capital net operating capital
There are two main methods of estimating working capital within a firm. These include the conventional method which measures cash flow, and the concept of operating cycle.
A non-operating working capital is a category for items that cannot be classified anywhere else like amounts due on fixed assets and dividends to be paid. Operating working capital, on the other hand, is a category that represents operating liquidity of a business.
Permanent and Temporary Working CapitalThe Operating Cycle creates the need for Current Assets (Working Capital).However the need does not come to an end once the cycle is completed. It continues to exist. To explain the continuing need of current assets, a distinction should be drawn between temporary and permanent working capital.Business Activity does not come to an end after the realization of cash from customers. For a company, the process is continuing, and hence, the need for regular supply of working capital. However, the, magnitude of Working Capital required is not constant but fluctuating. To carry on a business, a certain minimum level of working capital is necessary on a continuous and uninterrupted basis. For all practical purposes, this requirement has to be met permanently as with other fixed assets. This requirement is referred to as permanent or fixed working capital.Any amount over and above the permanent level of working capital is temporary, fluctuating or variable working capital. The position of the required working capital is needed to meet fluctuations in demand consequent upon changes in production and sales as a result of seasonal changes.Both kinds of working capital are necessary to facilitate the sales proceeds through the Operating Cycle.
conventional method:according to the conventional method,cash inflows and outflows are matched with each other. operating cycle method:the duration of time required to complete the following sequehces of events,in case of manufacturing firms is called the operating cycle
Negative working capital is good if the following conditions are satisfied : 1.Payment of all short term liabilities on time 2.Good sales and profit margin If the above two conditions are fulfilled, the working capital is funded by cash profits generated from normal operating cycle and there is no strain on payment of liabilities.
It is operating activity because business borrow from bank to fulfill it's working capital requirements and working capital is used to run day to day operations of business that's why it is operating activity.
Share capital is equity in the company. It is money raised by the company in exchange for issuing ownership of shares. Working capital is the money that is borrowed from a bank for a business to pay operating expenses.
Sales over Operating assets /which are long term +working capital/
The lender will require at the least 24 months of operating history under the same ownership to consider your business for a working capital loan.
A business requires funds for day to day working. This fund is called as working capital fund. This helps a business enterprise to borrow raw material, convert it into finished goods and sell it and get back funds. This is the cycle of working capital. However you may try a minimum of this capital remains in the business in some form or the other.The minimum level of working capital that is required to keep the cycle going on is called as core working capital. It is permanent part of the business. It can be used for funding long term assets because of its fixed permanent nature.