Thomas Hunt Morgan discovered most of what we know today, but meiosis has always existed.
The origin of meiosis does not have one widely accepted theory. There is a theory that meiosis is an adaptation of mitosis. However, this theory does not have a lot of support. There are several mechanisms that are similar in mitosis and meiosis, for example they go through similar phases of prophase, metaphase, etc. Mitosis is believed to have originated about 3 billion years before meiosis. However, there are also important differences. The most obvious difference is the end result - mitosis produces two genetically identical daughter cells, whereas meiosis produces four haploid daughter cells.
Very very gradually; we are told that origin of the two sexes occurred just about six hundred million years ago.
Meiosis I and meiosis II
If you mean meiosis I and meiosis II, then no they are not identical, but meiosis II does follow meiosis I.
The two types of meiosis are meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I involves homologous chromosomes separating, while meiosis II involves sister chromatids separating.
Meiosis I & Meiosis II
Meiosis 1 and Meiosis 2
Meiosis does in fact divide twice, once in meiosis I (cytokinesis) and meiosis II (cytokinesis) basically it divides into four daughter cells at the end of meiosis. Two from meiosis I and four in meiosis II
Meiosis 1 and Meiosis 2
DNA is copied in meiosis 1.
Meiosis I & Meiosis II
DNA is copied in meiosis 1.