The formula and official name of gulose ( 2R,3R,4S,5R,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal ), this a rare natural sugar that can NOT be oxidized by the normal (pyruvic) glycolysis route preceding the TCA-cycle, normal route for glucose/fructose fermentic breakdown.
Important note:
Gulose is NOT identical to glucose ( 2R,3S,4R,5R,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal );
they are is the C3* and C4* epimeres (mirror imaged C*-atoms).
D-Gulonic acid
The product formed by the oxidation of D-gulose is D-gulonic acid. During this oxidation process, the primary alcohol group at the C-6 position of D-gulose is converted into a carboxylic acid, resulting in the formation of the corresponding aldonic acid.
ethanal initially (acetaldehyde) then ethanoic acid (acetic acid)
For the hydrogen atoms the oxidation state is 1+, for the oxygen it is 2-
The diastereomer of mannose is found by changing the configuration of one or more chiral centers while preserving the overall chemical structure. One diastereomer of mannose is gulose, where the hydroxyl group at C4 is oriented opposite to that in mannose.
Gluconic acid is formed when the aldehyde end of glucose is oxidized.
Oxidation number is 4, formula C3O2O=C=C=C=O
Metals, such as iron and copper, are most likely to experience oxidation. Other materials like certain plastics and organic compounds can also undergo oxidation depending on their chemical structure and exposure to oxidizing agents.
Oxidation can weaken welds by forming brittle and porous areas, reducing the strength and integrity of the joint. This can lead to defects and failures in the welded structure.
oxidation of alcohol results in the formation of various carbonyl compounds, depending upon the structure of alcohol. For example, oxidation of secondary alcohol results in the formation of ketone, while that of primary alcohol forms aldehyde and further oxidation forms carboxylic acids.
The oxidation number of an atom is determined by the number of electrons it gains, loses, or shares when forming a chemical bond. The rules for assigning oxidation numbers are based on the electronegativity of the elements and the structure of the compound. Generally, less electronegative elements have more positive oxidation numbers, while more electronegative elements have more negative oxidation numbers.
The oxidation state of carbon in graphite is 0, as each carbon atom is bonded to three other carbon atoms in a flat, hexagonal lattice structure. This results in a fully covalent bonding arrangement where carbon shares its valence electrons, meaning there is no formal transfer of electrons and therefore no oxidation state.