The power supplied by a three-phase supply, or any supply come to that, is determined by the LOAD, and not by the supply. So you must look at the data provided on the equipment's nameplate to find out what its power rating is.
Use a transformer.
Yes by using a 3-phase transformer. The size depends on how much power has to be converted.
You can not change it. 440 volt is by design. However you run it with 220 single phase supply, but it would run far lower power.
208 volt, three phase
No! You would damage it beyond repair.
No, the voltage difference is too much. A 570 volt motor falls in the 600 volt range which is separate from the 480 volt range of three phase systems.
with 3 phase lighting you do not have to use as large of wire and can use one neutral for every 3 current carrying conductors so it cut down on material costs ( as voltage increases current decreases) <<>> The voltage 277 is the star-point voltage of a 480 volt three phase system. By using a 480 volt wye system you have the dual ability of running 480 volt three phase equipment along with 277 volt lighting. The side advantage is the ability of using the phase voltage to ground (neutral) 480 / 1.73 = 277 volts for general lighting of the building the 480 volt equipment is located in.
No. The 1-phase 240 setting on your computer's power supply is for the 240V wall outlets in other countries. The 240 outlets in your home are 2-phase 240.
5000 volt
The maximum power output of the transformer is measured in VA or KVA, (volt-amps) or thousand (volt-amps). That will will marked or stamped on the transformer. If you want to measure the amount of power being used by the Xformer, measure the Line side current in amps with an amprobe and multiply by the line voltage to it. The result in watts is the power consumption.
No, it won't get enough power and won't work.
Two factors reduce the power used by a piece of equipment compared to the volt-amps drawn from the supply: power factor and harmonic factor. Both factors increase the power transmission losses incurred in supplying a given amount of power.The power factor is less than 1 when voltage and current are out of phase with each other.When they are in phase the power equals the volt-amps except for a nonlinear load with a current that is not proportional to voltage. This generates harmonics in the current and the effect is that the power is less than the volt-amps, by an amount equal to the harmonic factor.