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Article III judges and justices, such as those who serve in US District Court, US Court of International Trade, US Court of Appeals Circuit Courts, and the Supreme Court of the United States are nominated by the President and appointed with the "advice and consent" of the Senate.
Article III courts are those that comprise the Judicial Branch of the federal government:
- US District Courts
- US Court of International Trade
- US Court of Appeals Circuit Courts
- Supreme Court of the United States
The overall process is similar to that used to confirm US Supreme Court justices, with the FBI conducting a full background check, and the Senate Judiciary Committee evaluating the candidate before making a recommendation to the full Senate. The Senate must approve the nomination by a simple majority (51%) of those voting, unless an opposing Senator filibusters the appointment, in which case 60 votes are required to invoke cloture (end the filibuster).
While the appointment process requires participation of both the Executive and Legislative branches, historically, the President is credited with the appointment.
The federal judiciary also includes Article I judges, who preside over courts or tribunals of limited power and jurisdiction, often connected to government departments and agencies.
While these courts are not considered part of the Judicial Branch, some judges, like those who sit on the US Court of Claims, are nominated by the President, and approved by the Senate, just like Article III judges, but only sit for a fixed term of 15 years, and don't enjoy some of the other benefits afforded Article III judges.
Others, like judges for US Bankruptcy Courts, are appointed by appellate judges of the US Court of Appeals Circuit Court with jurisdiction a particular Bankruptcy Court's territory. And some Article I judges (like administrative law judges, or ALJ's) are hired by the agency they serve, such as the Social Security Administration's Office of Disability Adjudication and Review.
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Do you agree with the practice of appointing federal judges for life?
That is a personal call only you can make.
What is an argument in favor of electing a federal judge?
If federal judges are elected, there can be less partisanship - if they are appointed, the politician appointing them will likely choose judges who agree with them politically.
Which power does the us constitution assig the assign the executive branch with?
pardoning those convicted of crimes
How does the President check the Judicial Branch?
By appointing Article III federal judges to the Judicial Branch, and by granting pardons (may not grant a pardon for an impeachment).
Who is responsible for appointing judges to the federal court?
The president appoints judges to the supreme court. But there are limits on how many, im not sure what those limits are.
Which two groups share power in the selection of federal court judges?
Both the Executive and the Legislative branches share the power of appointing federal judges. The President will appoint someone, and the Senate has to approve it.
Which branch does the executive branch have to get an approval from when appointing heads of executive departments ambassadors and federal court judges?
The U.S. Senate must confirm such appointments.
Appointing provincial superior court judges and Provincial court judges?
Judges at the provincial level are appointed by the premiere
Are judges ever elected by the people?
In the U.S., it varies by state. Federal judges are not elected; they are appointed.
Congress has the power to remove unfit judges?
Only 'unfit' FEDERAL judges via a process known as impeachment.
Presidents have power to change the direction of the Supreme Court and the federal judiciary by?
1. appointing new judges who in principle have philosophies consistent with the president.2. limiting the jurisdiction of the federal courts with an executive order.3. forcing Congress to consider impeachment of specific judges.4. declaring martial law, which restricts judicial decision-making.
Who was responsible for appointing judges in early American colonies?
governors
