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It is called erosion.
migration
Erosion is a slow process caused by wind or water that wears away rock and soil over time. This process gradually shapes landscapes by moving sediment and particles from one place to another.
migration
Erosion moves sediment from one place to another
Erosion is the process in which sediment moves from one location to another.Do not get this confused with deposition, which is the process in which sediment is dropped (deposited) in a new location.
The process in which sediment is laid down is called sedimentation. This involves the settling of particles carried by air, water, or ice, eventually accumulating on the Earth's surface. Over time, these sediments can become compressed and cemented to form sedimentary rocks.
When sediments are moving from one place to another, it is typically through the process of erosion and transportation by natural forces such as wind, water, or ice. Erosion dislodges and breaks down rock or soil particles, while transportation carries them to new locations where they may eventually settle and accumulate, forming sedimentary deposits.
Sediment of smaller mass is easier for the power of wind to overcome the power of gravity in moving it from one place to another. Most sediment moved by wind that is tiny as sand.
Transmission lines.
The word you are looking for is "motion." It refers to the act or process of moving or being moved from one place to another.
A passage from one place to another is typically called a journey or a trip. It refers to the process of moving or traveling from one location to another.