What is the process of the chemical and mechanical digestion of the digestive system?

Answer 1

The digestive tract begins at the oral cavity and continues through the pharynx, esophagus, stomach,
small intestine, and large intestine, which opens to the exterior at the anus.The digestive tract produces at least 18 hormones that affect almost every aspect of digestive function.
The Oral Cavity: limited digestion of carbohydrates and lipids.
The Tongue: secretion of mucins and the enzyme lingual lipase. Both are also involved in mixing and the teeth are involved in grinding food.
The primary function of the esophagus is to convey solid food and liquids to the stomach.

The stomach: disruption of chemical bonds in food material through the action of acids and enzymes,
production of intrinsic factor, a glycoprotein whose presence in the digestive tract is required for the absorption of vitamin B12in the small intestine.
Parietal cells in the stomach secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl). Chief cells secrete pepsinogen, an inactive proenzyme. Pepsinogen is converted by the acid in the gastric lumen to pepsin, an active proteolytic enzyme.
The stomach is a holding tank in which food is saturated with gastric juices and exposed to stomach acids and the digestive effects of pepsin.
The pancreas provides digestive enzymes, as well as buffers that help neutralize Chyme (the stomach mixture).
The liver secretes bile, a solution stored in the gallbladder for subsequent discharge into the small intestine. Bile contains buffers and bile salts, compounds that facilitate the digestion and absorption of lipids.
The small intestine is a very long tube where nutrients are absorbed. You must have a certain length if this is to occur. Lastly, the colon absorbs water and stores what we call feces until they can be eliminated.