Denudational processes, which includes, weathering, erosion, deformation, and exfoliation. Mass movement also plays a great role in changing the earths surface.
eroison
The process is called erosion.
Once magma breaks through the earths crust it is called"lava"
Subsidence.
Projection
It is called the crust.
Height above earths surface is called elevation
Magma reaches the Earth's surface through a process called volcanic eruption. This occurs when pressure builds up underground and forces the magma to flow and eventually break through the Earth's surface. Once the magma reaches the surface, it is then called lava.
The process you are referring to is called evaporation. Evaporation occurs when the sun's energy heats up water on the Earth's surface, causing it to turn into water vapor and rise into the atmosphere.
it is called magma.
The point beneath the earth's surface where an earthquake originates is called the hypocenter.
A meteorite.