It is called a talon
Lateral
In species where the male is called a cock, the female is generally called a hen.
Except is specific cases a male bird is called a cock
The lateral ankle projection is called a mortise view. It involves internally rotating the foot to provide a clear view of the ankle joint space and alignment of the distal tibia and fibula with the talus bone. This projection is commonly used in diagnosing ankle injuries such as fractures or dislocations.
Same as a Standard male; Rooster, Cock, or Cockerel
Projection towers on castles are called a Buttress.
The young of a cock, or male bird, is called a chick. As they grow, but before reaching maturity, young birds are called juveniles.
A male chicken is called a rooster, cockerel and cock.
If you have a projection on your skull, something that might relate is a swelling of the tissues of the skull due to a blow from a dull object. The projection on the Occipital Bone is called the Inion.
Young male chickens are called cockerels, which is sometimes shortened to just 'cock'. All male chickens in North America are more commonly called roosters.
A cock
In species where the male is called a cock, the female is generally called a hen.