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Flying a helicopter is a delicate balance of Rotor RPM and Rotor Torque. Too little RPM and it would lose lift. Too much RPM, then the centrifugal forces could damage the rotor blades. When the pilot adds Collective input to climb, the Rotor Torque could be exceeded and result in failure of the mast. Each flight restriction was based upon the design of the helicopter's mast, blades and grip.

Also, if the RPMs are too high the tips of the blade will hit the sound barrier and vibrate out of control. A helicopter with a blade length of 30 ft (radius) will only have to be spinning at around 330 RPMs to reach the sound barrier.

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Q: What is the reason for a maximum rotor RPM with power on in a helicopter?
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